What are these entities really trying to achieve? To understand it, you have to start by imagining the territory of a basin without any human intervention. In this situation there is no need to manage anything. Nature manages itself and very well. Droughts, floods, disasters, plagues, etc. They are just human expressions in relation to what natural phenomena affect them. Nature does not classify them as good or bad.
The situation changes when human beings begin to occupy the territory of a basin, extracting resources of all kinds and altering the territory, losing biodiversity and modifying the Special Data natural hydrological and hydrogeological capacities of the basins . Conflicts are generated between users, a series of externalities and negative effects such as pollution and little capacity to face and mitigate the effect of extreme natural events on human activities and life. This creates social and economic conflicts, as well as environmental ones.
These situations are the result of interventions in a system as complex as a human body, such as a basin and its water systems, but without understanding, avoiding or mitigating all the implications, consequences and unwanted effects of thousands of accumulated alterations. in the territory.
Each individual alone or in groups, whether informal, communities, companies, etc. that intervene, have their own interests and objectives that are not necessarily compatible with each other and with the environment, especially if adequate rules of coexistence are not established, imposed and monitored.
There are attempts to achieve this harmonization, but they are still far from achieving it . The planning plans for the occupation of the territory are not complied with, rights to extract water from natural sources are over-delivered, there is not enough supervision to control specific pollution and much less diffuse pollution of soil and water, there are expansions of crops in areas unsuitable, there are illegal extractions of minerals and other resources, urban areas grow without control, native vegetation has been replaced by cultivated forests, areas at risk of flooding are occupied, natural water sources such as wetlands, rivers, lakes have been altered , aquifers, glaciers among thousands of actions that generate impact.
The current institutional framework is evident that it cannot avoid so many unwanted situations with what it has already established... It is about avoiding a large part with laws, others by demanding environmental impact studies, zoning, access restrictions to territories considered unique, park reserves national regulations, urban regulatory plans, limitations on the conversion of agricultural areas to urban areas, issuing laws to protect wetlands, lakes, glaciers, etc. Despite these initiatives, unfortunately it is not possible to avoid the negative effects of interventions on the territory and its water resources.